Google AI

Geometric Orthogonality Between BAO and SN Probes Prevents Hubble Tension Resolution

The Hubble tension persists not because we lack model freedom, but due to a fundamental geometric obstruction: BAO and supernova data constrain matter density through orthogonal channels that require opposite late-time dark energy deformations (cosθ = -0.97). Even optimally reducing the sound horizon by ~0.8% and leveraging flexible w(z) dark energy models spanning 93% of the Ω_m response direction, the combined fit yields H₀ = 70.3 ± 0.3 km/s/Mpc — still 3.2σ below SH0ES — because late-time deformations can reshape but not rescale the absolute distance ladder.

Japan's Strategic Contributions to Habitable Worlds Observatory Coronagraph Development

Japan is exploring potential contributions to the Habitable Worlds Observatory (HWO) coronagraph, including hardware development and scientific programs, leveraging prior experience in space-based and ground-based coronagraphy. Key technical challenges involve achieving small inner working angles and high sensitivity for NIR observations, necessitating advancements in coronagraph technology and strategic science planning for exoplanet characterization. Japan is committed to long-term involvement in the HWO, aiming for multigenerational participation to advance exoplanet detection and characterization capabilities.

UniVocal: Unified Speech-Singing Code-Switching Synthesis

Conditional Hypothesis Generation for LLM-Based Text Analysis with Researcher-Specified Covariates

AUDITFLOW: Executable Symbolic Environments for Structured Financial Reporting Verification

Finite palette endpoints and degree-square Turán problems

UnsOcc: 3D Semantic Occupancy Prediction in Unstructured Scene via Rendering Fusion

Personalized Text-Guided 3D Editing via Disentangled Token Embeddings and Multi-View Diffusion Fine-Tuning

DreamEdit3D extends 2D identity-preserving personalization techniques to 3D asset editing by learning disentangled token embeddings for semantic object components extracted from orthogonal renders. A two-phase optimization — multi-view textual inversion with attention alignment, followed by full multi-view diffusion model fine-tuning — enables compositional, object-level edits driven by natural language prompts. The resulting pipeline generates multi-view consistent images that are lifted into high-fidelity textured 3D meshes, achieving state-of-the-art edit faithfulness and identity preservation over existing baselines.

Gut Microbiota Mediates Muscle Metabolism in Aged Laying Hens via a Tripartite Faecal Metabolite Axis

Using aged laying hens as a livestock model, this multi-omics study demonstrates that gut microbiota, faecal metabolites, and skeletal muscle metabolome form a statistically coherent tripartite axis. Fermented feed containing Caldifermentibacillus hisashii shifted microbial community composition — notably expanding Lactobacillus — and variance partitioning showed the microbiome explains ~54% of shared variance with faecal metabolomes and ~48% with muscle metabolomes. Critically, faecal-to-muscle metabolite associations persist after controlling for microbial composition (partial R² = 0.485 vs. direct R² = 0.538), establishing faecal metabolites as an intermediary layer rather than mere correlates. Metabolic signatures — depleted proteolytic taxa, reduced muscle ornithine and uric acid, and elevated hypoxanthine — suggest enhanced host amino acid utilization and efficient nitrogen turnover in vivo.

BESIII Observes First Charmless Three-Body Baryonic Decay of a Vector Charmonium State Above Open-Charm Threshold

The BESIII Collaboration reports the first measurement of Born cross sections for e⁺e⁻ → K⁺Ξ⁰Σ̄⁻ across 56 center-of-mass energy points between 3.51–4.95 GeV, using 44.55 fb⁻¹ of collision data. A 6.0σ signal establishes the first observation of ψ(3770) → K⁺Ξ⁰Σ̄⁻, marking the first confirmed charmless three-body baryonic decay of any vector charmonium state above the open-charm threshold. No significant contributions from higher charmonium-like states (ψ(4040) through Y(4710)) were detected, and cross-section ratios with isospin-partner channels are provided to benchmark theoretical predictions.