Geophysics
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Nonlinear LDM mappings break ensemble Kalman methods: rigorous MCMC/SMC outperform for subsurface DA
This paper demonstrates that when latent diffusion models (LDMs) are used to parameterize subsurface flow models, the nonlinearity of the LDM mapping degrades ensemble Kalman-based data assimilation (ESMDA), producing overestimated posterior uncertainty and limited uncertainty reduction. In contrast…